Surge in childhood mumps cases: Reasons explained by experts.

New Delhi: The incidence of mumps among children in various regions of the country, including Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, is increasing, creating a buzz among parents .

Mumps, a viral infection, initially manifests as a fever followed by painful swelling in the areas surrounding the ears. It begins with non-specific symptoms like a mild fever, fatigue, headache, and reduced appetite that persist for approximately 3 to 4 days. Subsequently, the parotid glands situated on both sides of the face become inflamed, resulting in pain, swelling, and tenderness in the cheek and jaw region. This particular phase typically lasts for a period of 7 to 14 days.

Paramyxovirus, a member of the Rubulavirus family, causes mumps. Expectant mothers face an elevated risk of complications, including the possibility of miscarriage, if they contract mumps during the first trimester of pregnancy. However, if they have been immunized or previously contracted mumps during their childhood, there is no cause for worry. Unvaccinated individuals are more susceptible to severe complications associated with mumps, such as orchitis, as well as other conditions like pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), meningitis, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle).

Dr Prashant Udavant, Paediatrician, Neonatologist at Ruby Hall Clinic Though less frequently reported, these complications can lead to intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and result in prolonged effects like deafness and heart failure. Mumps usually spread if there is a history of contact with another child with mumps in the school or at home, followed by fever and neck swelling.

Seeking medical advice and promptly implementing isolation measures are crucial steps when a child contracts mumps.

“Mumps is a preventable viral infection, and routine immunisation is crucial for maintaining herd immunity. If a significant number of children are not vaccinated or are under-vaccinated, the virus can easily spread within communities,” said Dr Rupkatha Sen Chief Intensivist, Critical Care, SRV Hospitals, Chembur.

Furthermore, disparities in immunization rates and healthcare accessibility can create clusters of at-risk communities where the virus can propagate more readily.

Social and environmental factors may also play a role. “Increased contact among children in schools or other communal settings provides opportunities for the virus to spread. Poor hygiene practices and inadequate sanitation can further facilitate transmission,” added Dr Sen.